Sun Microsystems introduced ZFS in 2005 for their Solaris operating system.
New features:
Sun made Solaris open source in 2005, so ZFS was open source too. But it was released under a license specifically chosen so that Solaris code couldn't be used in the Linux kernel.
Today ZFS is primarily used on Solaris and various BSD Unixes, but can be run both Linux and MacOS. Using it on Linux might be legal, and definitely has some technical gotchas due to the legal issues.
Oracle funded development of BTRFS as a clone of ZFS for Linux starting in 2007. This was nessisary due to the licensing issue.
Today, BTRFS has basically the same feature set with a different set of quirks. BTRFS is probalby a bit more suitable for smaller deployments (e.g. a desktop with a mirrored pair of disks) than ZFS, while ZFS is probalby more mature for larger deployments (e.g. a 20 disk RAID array).
Amusingly, Oracle bought out Sun in 2010. At that point Oracle had the ability to relicense ZFS to run on Linux, and has chosen not to for the past ten years in favor of continuing to develop both filesystems.
Apple's AFS provides a subset of the ZFS features: snapshots and metadata checksums. It doesn't provide any native multi-disk support. This is standard on new Apple devices.
This modern FS is available on Windows Server, but not on consumer desktop versions of Windows. It has multi-disk support, data and metadata checksums, and snapshots (but not the ability to write to C-O-W copies of snapshots).